Difference between revisions of "Kaingang and Portuguese/Contrastive Grammar"
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{{transferTest|kgp|eng|kafã|companheira}} | {{transferTest|kgp|eng|kafã|companheira}} | ||
| − | ::{{transferMorphTest|kgp| | + | ::{{transferMorphTest|kgp|pt|kafã{{tag|n}}|companheira{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}}} |
Inh<prn> mré<n> nĩ<asp> fi<prn> vỹ<subj> tỹ<ex>, inh<prn> kafã<n> fi<prn> nĩ<asp>. | Inh<prn> mré<n> nĩ<asp> fi<prn> vỹ<subj> tỹ<ex>, inh<prn> kafã<n> fi<prn> nĩ<asp>. | ||
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| + | '''2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.''' | ||
| + | {{transferTest|kgp|eng|tỹ|==can be several ptg words}} | ||
| − | + | ::{{transferMorphTest|kgp|eng|tỹ{{tag|subj}}{{tag|erg}}|meu{{tag|prn}} | |
| − | |||
Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>. | Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>. | ||
Revision as of 12:44, 9 April 2019
Five constrastive differences between Portuguese and Kaingang are:
1) Portuguese has gendered nouns, and Kaingang does not.
(kgp) kafã → (eng) companheira
- (kgp) kafã<n> → (pt) companheira<n><f>
Inh<prn> mré<n> nĩ<asp> fi<prn> vỹ<subj> tỹ<ex>, inh<prn> kafã<n> fi<prn> nĩ<asp>.
Minha<prn> esposa<n><f> é<v> minha<prn> companheira<n>
"My wife is my companion."
2) Kaingang has subject markers, and Portuguese does not.
(kgp) tỹ → (eng) {{{4}}}
- {{transferMorphTest|kgp|eng|tỹ<subj><erg>|meu<prn>
Inh<prn> kósin<n> tỹ<subj><erg> ẽgno<n> vỹ<subj><top>, inh<prn> mỹ<post> tũg<v><iv>.
Meu<prn> filho<n><masc> caçula<adj> morreu<v><3p><past?>.
"My youngest son died"
3) Tense is expressed in the verb in Portuguese, and not in Kaingang.
4) The copula verb "be" is formed with an existance-marking aspect marker in Kaingang, and with a verb in Portuguese.
Tỹ<ex> ti<prn> ã<prn> jãmré<n> nĩ<aspect>.
É<v> seu<prn> cunhado.<n>’
"He is his brother-in-law."
Inh mỹ tóg tỹ øn há nĩ ve nĩ.
‘para mi (cir.) ele(s.tóg) tÿ(ind.ex.) parece bom(predicado) é(ind.a.)
Tenho a impressão que ele é bom.’
"I have the impression that he is good"
5) Kaingang has post-positions, Portuguese has pre-positions.
Nĩ<v><iv><sg> ra<cir>, ẽprã<cir>!
Senta<v><3p> n<prep>o<det> chão<n><masc>!
Sit in the chair!
Ẽg<prn> jagfy<cir> tóg<subj> ter<v>, Jesus<n>.
Por<prep> nós<prn> morreu<v> Jesus<n>.
"Jesus died for us."
ex of form : *(che) Ас → (eng) I
- (che) ас<prn><pers><p1><sg><erg> → (eng) I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg><subj>
