Difference between revisions of "Asturian and English/Contrastive Grammar"
From LING073
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*{{transferTest|ast|eng|la llei|the law}} | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|la llei|the law}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| la{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} llei{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} law{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| la{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} llei{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} law{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|el matrimoniu|the marriage}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| el{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} matrimoniu{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} marriage{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| el{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} matrimoniu{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} marriage{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
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*{{transferTest|ast|eng|los pueblos|the peoples}} | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|los pueblos|the peoples}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| los{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} pueblos{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} peoples{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| los{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} pueblos{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} peoples{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | ||
| + | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|los ninos|the children}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| los{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} niños{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} children{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| los{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}} niños{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|pl}}|the{{tag|det}}{{tag|def}}{{tag|sp}} children{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}} | ||
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*{{transferTest|ast|eng|conceyu xeneral|general assembly}} | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|conceyu xeneral|general assembly}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| conceyu{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} xeneral{{tag|adj}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}|general{{tag|adj}} assembly{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| conceyu{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} xeneral{{tag|adj}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|sg}}|general{{tag|adj}} assembly{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
| + | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|procuru especiales|special care}} | ||
| + | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| procuru{{tag|n}}{{tag|m}}{{tag|sg}} especiales{{tag|adj}}{{tag|nt}}{{tag|pl}}|special{{tag|adj}} care{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
== indicative vs. subjunctive distinction == | == indicative vs. subjunctive distinction == | ||
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*{{transferTest|ast|eng|Toa persona tien|Everyone has}} | *{{transferTest|ast|eng|Toa persona tien|Everyone has}} | ||
*: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| Toa{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} persona{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} tien{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|Everyone{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} has{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | *: {{transferMorphTest|ast|eng| Toa{{tag|det}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} persona{{tag|n}}{{tag|f}}{{tag|sg}} tien{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pri}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}|Everyone{{tag|prn}}{{tag|ind}}{{tag|mf}}{{tag|sg}} has{{tag|vblex}}{{tag|pres}}{{tag|p3}}{{tag|sg}}}} | ||
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== past participles == | == past participles == | ||
Revision as of 01:09, 2 April 2018
Contents
gendering of nouns and articles
In Asturian, nouns and articles are gendered, but in English, no such distinction exists
- (ast) la llei → (eng) the law
- (ast) la<det><def><f><sg> llei<n><f><sg> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> law<n><sg>
- (ast) el matrimoniu → (eng) the marriage
- (ast) el<det><def><m><sg> matrimoniu<n><f><sg> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> marriage<n><sg>
pluralization of articles
In Asturian, articles for plural subjects are pluralized, but in English, no such distinction exists
- (ast) los pueblos → (eng) the peoples
- (ast) los<det><def><m><pl> pueblos<n><m><pl> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> peoples<n><pl>
- (ast) los ninos → (eng) the children
- (ast) los<det><def><m><pl> niños<n><m><pl> → (eng) the<det><def><sp> children<n><pl>
adjective-noun order
In Asturian, adjectives go after their nouns, but in English, adjectives go before their associated nouns. Additionally, English adjectives do not vary by number of subjects, however, Asturian adjectives do.
- (ast) conceyu xeneral → (eng) general assembly
- (ast) conceyu<n><m><sg> xeneral<adj><nt><sg> → (eng) general<adj> assembly<n><sg>
- (ast) procuru especiales → (eng) special care
- (ast) procuru<n><m><sg> especiales<adj><nt><pl> → (eng) special<adj> care<n><sg>
indicative vs. subjunctive distinction
Asturian verb forms distinguish between the indicative and subjunctive tenses, however, English verbs do not.
- (ast) Toa persona tien → (eng) Everyone has
- (ast) Toa<det><ind><f><sg> persona<n><f><sg> tien<vblex><pri><p3><sg> → (eng) Everyone<prn><ind><mf><sg> has<vblex><pres><p3><sg>
past participles
When discussing hypothetical verbs, English uses a modifier, infinitive verb, and past participle whereas Asturian uses a specially conjugated verb and an infinitive verb.
- (ast) A naide nun se-y podrá obligar → (eng) No one may be compelled
- (ast) A naide nun se-y podrá<vblex><fti><p3><sg> obligar<inf> → (eng) No one may<vbmod><inf> be<vbser><inf> compelled<vblex><pp>
