Okinawan and Miyako/Contrastive Grammar

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Differences between Okinawan and Miyako

  • There are three locatives in Okinawan and one in Miyako.
  • There are two allatives in Ikema and one in Okinawan.
  • There is an accusative in Miyako but not in Okinawan.
  • There is an associative in Okinawan but not in Miyako.
  • Medial verbs appear frequently in Okinawan (indicating simultaneous or sequential verbs), but do not seem to appear in Ikema Miyako (though they do in Irabu).
  • It seems that pronouns (in particular, second person singular) are dropped more often in Miyako than in Okinawan.
  • When discussing when things happen (e.g. I went when I was 10), Miyako has a couple of examples that have a word meaning time, but Okinawan does not seem to have anything equivalent.
  • In Okinawan, progressive is expressed with a suffix on the verb. In Miyako, a converb plus the continuous expresses the same idea.
  • In Miyako, an adjective is always produced from an adjective stem plus a nominalizer. In Okinawan, either an adverbializer or a verbializer is added to an adjective stem, depending on whether it is to be negated or not.

ryu-mvi tests

  • (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし いくん → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい いでぃい
    (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし<n><pl><all> いくん<v><npst><sf> → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい<n><pl><all> いでぃい<v><npst>
  • (ryu) ぴいじゃあや んんじゃん → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ みーたい
    (ryu) ぴいじゃあや<n><foc> んんじゃん<v><pst><sf> → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ <n><acc><foc> みーたい<v><pst>
  • (ryu) やあが かき → (mvi) かきる
    (ryu) やあが<pprn><p2><sg><nom> かき<v><imp> → (mvi) かきる<v><imp>
  • (ryu) あっきんじゃん → (mvi) あいきー ゆー
    (ryu) あっくん<v><prog><sf> → (mvi) あいきー <v><cvb_abs> ゆー<cont>
  • (ryu) うりや たかはん → (mvi) うらあ たかだいむぬ
    (ryu) うりや<pprn><p3><sg><top> たかはん<adj><vz><sf> → (mvi) うらあ<pprn><p3><sg><top1> たかだいむぬ<adj><nz>

mvi-ryu tests

  • (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし いくん → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい いでぃい
    (ryu) しぇんしぇいたあし<n><pl><all> いくん<v><npst><sf> → (mvi) ならーすびーっみんかい<n><pl><all> いでぃい<v><npst>
  • (ryu) ぴいじゃあや んんじゃん → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ みーたい
    (ryu) ぴいじゃあや<n><foc> んんじゃん<v><pst><sf> → (mvi) ひんじゃうどぅ <n><acc><foc> みーたい<v><pst>
  • (ryu) やあが かき → (mvi) かきる
    (ryu) やあが<pprn><p2><sg><nom> かき<v><imp> → (mvi) かきる<v><imp>
  • (ryu) あっきんじゃん → (mvi) あいきー ゆー
    (ryu) あっくん<v><prog><sf> → (mvi) あいきー <v><cvb_abs> ゆー<cont>
  • (ryu) うりや たかはん → (mvi) うらあ たかだいむぬ
    (ryu) うりや<pprn><p3><sg><top> たかはん<adj><vz><sf> → (mvi) うらあ<pprn><p3><sg><top1> たかだいむぬ<adj><nz>
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