Difference between revisions of "Kalmyk and Judeo-Tat/Contrastive Grammar"

From LING073
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Diferences)
 
(47 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
Resources for machine translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Judeo-Tat Judeo-Tat] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kalmyk Kalmyk]
 
Resources for machine translation between [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Judeo-Tat Judeo-Tat] and [https://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/Kalmyk Kalmyk]
  
−
== Diferences ==
+
== jdt-xal Tests==
−
* <n><neg> in jdt vs. <n> in xal
+
* Kalmyk uses the dative(dative-locative) case to mark nouns that indicate location and answer the question "where?". The dative case in Judeo-Tat accomplishes the functions of the dative and the accusative cases in Kalmyk.
−
**{{transferTest|jdt|xal|битоб}} "impatience"
+
* For the genitive construction ('s/of), Kalmyk uses the genitive marker on the noun. Judeo-Tat has several strategies for doing this, but the most common one seems to be using "э" (of).
−
**: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal| битоб{{tag|n}}{{tag|neg}}|саваго{{tag|n}}}}
+
:*{{transferTest|jdt|xal|хьэсуьл омори имбуруз э шегьэр шагь Довид|эндр Давид хаана төрскн хотнд}} "today in the town of David (meaning is closer to 'town where (King) David was born')"
−
* <adv> "a" in jdt vs. <art> in xal, <num> in jdt vs. <num><ord> in xal
+
:*: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal|хьэсуьл{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} омори{{tag|v}} имбуруз{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} э{{tag|abl}} шегьэр{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} шагь {{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Довид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}|эндр{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Давид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}} хаана{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}} төрскн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} хотнд{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}}}}
−
** {{transferTest|jdt|xal|е чор руз}} "a fourth day"
+
 
−
**: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal|е{{tag|adv}} чор{{tag|num}} руз{{tag|n}}|Эн {{tag|art}} дөрвдгч {{tag|num}}{{tag|ord}} өдрнь{{tag|n}}{{tag|px3sp}}}}
+
* There are two ways to indicate possession in Kalmyk: using a pronoun before the noun, and attaching a possessive suffix to the noun (this example uses the latter method). Judeo-Tat only uses pronouns for possession.
−
*<art> + <class> in jdt vs. <prep> in xal
+
* Judeo-Tat uses a copula suffix to indicate the meaning "is." There is no such strategy in Kalmyk.
−
** {{transferTest|jdt|xal|е жуьфд журубьо}} "a couple of socks"
+
:* {{transferTest|jdt|xal|дусдмере нуми Довид|нәәҗинм нерн Давид}} "friend's name is David"
−
**: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal| е{{tag|art}} жуьфд{{tag|class}} журубьо{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}|паре{{tag|prep}} өөмсн{{tag|n}}{{tag|pl}}}}
+
:*: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal|дусдмере{{tag|n}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}} нуми{{tag|n}}{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}} Довид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}|нәәҗинм{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}}{{tag|px1sg}} нерн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Давид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}}}
 +
 
 +
* Another strategy for genitive construction in Judeo-Tat is adding и to form a compound word. In Kalmyk, the genitive construction is always consistent (attaching the genitive suffix).
 +
:* {{transferTest|jdt|xal|зен эни мерд|эн күнә гергн}} "this man's wife"
 +
:*: {{transferMorphTest|jdt|xal|зен{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} эн{{tag|pr}}+и{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} мерд{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}|эн {{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} күнә {{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}} гергн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
 +
 
 +
== xal-jdt Tests ==
 +
*{{transferTest|xal|jdt|эндр Давид хаана төрскн хотнд|хьэсуьл омори имбуруз э шегьэр шагь Довид}} "today in the town of David"
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|xal|jdt|эндр{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Давид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}} хаана{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}} төрскн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} хотнд{{tag|n}}{{tag|dat}}|хьэсуьл{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} омори{{tag|v}} имбуруз{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} э{{tag|abl}} шегьэр{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} шагь {{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Довид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}}}
 +
 
 +
* {{transferTest|xal|jdt|нәәҗинм нерн Давид|дусдмере нуми Довид}} "friend's name is David"
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|xal|jdt|нәәҗинм{{tag|n}}{{tag|gen}}{{tag|px1sg}} нерн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} Давид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}|дусдмере{{tag|n}}{{tag|p1}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|dat}} нуми{{tag|n}}{{tag|cop}}{{tag|p3}} Довид{{tag|np}}{{tag|ant}}{{tag|m}}}}
 +
* {{transferTest|xal|jdt|эн күнә гергн|зен эни мерд}} "this man's wife"
 +
*: {{transferMorphTest|xal|jdt|эн {{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} күнә {{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|gen}} гергн{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}{{tag|nom}}|зен{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}} эн{{tag|pr}}+и{{tag|det}}{{tag|dem}} мерд{{tag|n}}{{tag|sg}}}}
  
 
== Developed Resources==
 
== Developed Resources==
 
[https://github.swarthmore.edu/slim1/ling073-jdt-xal-corpus Corpus on GitHub]
 
[https://github.swarthmore.edu/slim1/ling073-jdt-xal-corpus Corpus on GitHub]
 +
[https://github.swarthmore.edu/dyelsey1/ling073-jdt-xal Lexical Transfer on Github]
  
 
[[Category:Sp17_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kalmyk]][[Category:Judeo-Tat]]
 
[[Category:Sp17_ContrastiveGrammars]][[Category:Kalmyk]][[Category:Judeo-Tat]]

Latest revision as of 02:50, 13 April 2017

Resources for machine translation between Judeo-Tat and Kalmyk

jdt-xal Tests

  • Kalmyk uses the dative(dative-locative) case to mark nouns that indicate location and answer the question "where?". The dative case in Judeo-Tat accomplishes the functions of the dative and the accusative cases in Kalmyk.
  • For the genitive construction ('s/of), Kalmyk uses the genitive marker on the noun. Judeo-Tat has several strategies for doing this, but the most common one seems to be using "э" (of).
  • (jdt) хьэсуьл омори имбуруз э шегьэр шагь Довид → (xal) эндр Давид хаана төрскн хотнд "today in the town of David (meaning is closer to 'town where (King) David was born')"
    (jdt) хьэсуьл<n><sg> омори<v> имбуруз<n><sg> э<abl> шегьэр<n><sg> шагь <n><sg> Довид<np><ant><m> → (xal) эндр<n><sg> Давид<np><ant><m> хаана<n><gen> төрскн<n><sg> хотнд<n><dat>
  • There are two ways to indicate possession in Kalmyk: using a pronoun before the noun, and attaching a possessive suffix to the noun (this example uses the latter method). Judeo-Tat only uses pronouns for possession.
  • Judeo-Tat uses a copula suffix to indicate the meaning "is." There is no such strategy in Kalmyk.
  • (jdt) дусдмере нуми Довид → (xal) нәәҗинм нерн Давид "friend's name is David"
    (jdt) дусдмере<n><p1><sg><dat> нуми<n><cop><p3> Довид<np><ant><m> → (xal) нәәҗинм<n><gen><px1sg> нерн<n><sg> Давид<np><ant><m>
  • Another strategy for genitive construction in Judeo-Tat is adding и to form a compound word. In Kalmyk, the genitive construction is always consistent (attaching the genitive suffix).
  • (jdt) зен эни мерд → (xal) эн күнә гергн "this man's wife"
    (jdt) зен<n><sg> эн<pr>+и<det><dem> мерд<n><sg> → (xal) эн <det><dem> күнә <n><sg><gen> гергн<n><sg>

xal-jdt Tests

  • (xal) эндр Давид хаана төрскн хотнд → (jdt) хьэсуьл омори имбуруз э шегьэр шагь Довид "today in the town of David"
    (xal) эндр<n><sg> Давид<np><ant><m> хаана<n><gen> төрскн<n><sg> хотнд<n><dat> → (jdt) хьэсуьл<n><sg> омори<v> имбуруз<n><sg> э<abl> шегьэр<n><sg> шагь <n><sg> Довид<np><ant><m>
  • (xal) нәәҗинм нерн Давид → (jdt) дусдмере нуми Довид "friend's name is David"
    (xal) нәәҗинм<n><gen><px1sg> нерн<n><sg> Давид<np><ant><m> → (jdt) дусдмере<n><p1><sg><dat> нуми<n><cop><p3> Довид<np><ant><m>
  • (xal) эн күнә гергн → (jdt) зен эни мерд "this man's wife"
    (xal) эн <det><dem> күнә <n><sg><gen> гергн<n><sg><nom> → (jdt) зен<n><sg> эн<pr>+и<det><dem> мерд<n><sg>

Developed Resources

Corpus on GitHub Lexical Transfer on Github

Retrieved from "http://wikis.swarthmore.edu/ling073/index.php?title=Kalmyk_and_Judeo-Tat/Contrastive_Grammar&oldid=4487"