Difference between revisions of "Guarani and Warlpiri"
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**Several number words in Warlpiri also have meanings as nouns (e.g. rdaka can mean "hand" or "five") | **Several number words in Warlpiri also have meanings as nouns (e.g. rdaka can mean "hand" or "five") | ||
**the -pala ending distinguishes them as number words, but it is not always necessary | **the -pala ending distinguishes them as number words, but it is not always necessary | ||
| − | ** | + | **"rdaka-pala": ^rdaka-pala/rdaka<num>$^./.<sent>$ |
| − | ** | + | **"rdaka": ^rdaka/rdaka<num>/rdaka<n><sg><abs>$^./.<sent>$ |
*Added adverb analysis: | *Added adverb analysis: | ||
| − | ** | + | **"nyurruwiyi: ^nyurruwiyi/nyurruwiyi<adv>$^./.<sent>$ |
*Added elative/source case for verb auxiliaries : | *Added elative/source case for verb auxiliaries : | ||
| − | ** | + | **"kajangka": ^kajangka/ka<vaux><src><subj3sg>$^./.<sent>$ |
| + | |||
| + | *Added inceptive aspect for verbs: | ||
| + | **"pakarnunjunu": ^pakarnunjunu/pakarni<v><tv><past><inc>$^./.<sent>$ | ||
| + | |||
Revision as of 19:25, 19 April 2017
Resources for machine translation between Guarani and Warlpiri
Contents
Corpora
Developed Resources
- Corpus Repository
- Contrastive Grammar
- Guarani to Warlpiri analyzer repository
- This repo will hold the fully functioning rule-based machine translation system.
- Warlpiri to Guarani analyzer repository
- This repo will not be developed further.
- Lexical selection Wiki page
- Structural transfer Wiki page
Lexical Selection
- (gug) ahy'o → (wbp) ngukarna "throat"; lirra "voice"
- (gug) ha'anga → (wbp) japirdimi "threaten"; walaparrirni "imitate"
- (gug) ajúra → (wbp) japirdimi "collar"; waninja "neck"
- (wbp) rdaka → (gug) avatisoka "hand"; po "five"
- (wbp) kirdirrpa → (gug) itakua "cave"; ka'irãi "jail"
Initial Evaluation
wbp → gug evaluation
Results when running on tests
- Total number of words: 14
- Total number of unknown words: 4
- Percentage of unknown words: 28.57%
- Percentage of stems translated correctly: 71.43%
When removing unknown words:
- WER = 78.57%
- PER = 78.57%
When unknown words are not removed:
- WER = 100%
- PER = 100%
Results when running on sentences (corpus)
- Total number of words: 58
- Total number of unknown words: 68
- Percentage of unknown words: 84.45%
- Percentage of stems translate correctly: 15.52%
When removing unknown words:
- WER = 22.41%
- PER = 22.41%
When unknown words are not removed:
- WER = 100%
- PER = 100%
gug → wbp evaluation
Results when running on tests
- Total number of words: 13
- Total number of unknown words: 0
- Percentage of unknown words: 0%
- Percentage of stems translated correctly: 100%
When removing unknown words:
- WER = 92.86%
- PER = 92.86%
When unknown words are not removed:
- WER = 92.86%
- PER = 92.86%
Results when running on sentences (corpus)
- Total number of words: 66
- Total number of unknown words: 60
- Percentage of unknown words: 90.9%
- Percentage of stems translated correctly: 9.09%
When removing unknown words:
- WER = 0.0%
- PER = 0.0%
When unknown words are not removed:
- WER = 100%
- PER = 100%
Final Evaluation
100 more stems
Added 100 more stems (mostly nouns, verbs, and adjectives) to the bilingual and monolingual dictionaries.
3 new lexical selection rules
gug → wbp
- (gug) ahy'o → (wbp) ngukarna "throat"; lirra "voice"
- Rule: Select "lirra" (Eng: voice) as the translation of "ahy'o" when it is followed by "tyapu" (Eng: loud) or "kirirĩ" (Eng: quiet). Select "ngukarna" (Eng: throat) as the translation of "ahy'o" when it is followed by "rasy" (Eng: sore). Otherwise, select "lirra" as the default.
- Ha'e ahy'o tyapu ("His/Her loud voice")
- Ha'e oguereko ahy'o rasy ("He/she/they have a sore throat")
- (gug) ajúra → (wbp) japirdimi "collar"; waninja "neck"
- Rule: Select "japirdimi" (Eng: collar) as the translation of "ajúra" when it is followed by color words such as "pytã" (Eng: red), "chovy" (Eng: blue) or "aky" (Eng: green). Select "waninja" (Eng: neck) as the translation of "ajúra" when it is followed by "puku" (Eng: long) or "koli" (Eng: short). Otherwise, select "waninja" as the default.
- Ajúra puku ("long neck")
- Ajúra pytã ("red collar")
OLD
NEW
- (gug) akã → (wbp) jurru "head"; payarrpa "hill"
- Rule: Select "jurru" (Eng: head) as the translation of "akã" when it is preceded by "ha'e" (Eng: his/her). Otherwise, select "payarrpa" as the default.
- (gug) asu → (wbp) jampu "left"; jampu-karra "left-handed"
- Rule: Select "jampu-karra" (Eng: left-handed) as the translation of "asu" when it is followed by person words such as "ava" (Eng: person) or "kuña" (Eng: woman) or "mitã" (Eng: child). Otherwise, select "jampu" (Eng: left) as the default.
- (gug) henyhẽ → (wbp) jaka-ngalya "full"; ngayarrka "pregnant"
- Rule: Select "ngayarrka" (Eng: pregnant) as the translation of "henyhẽ" when it is followed/preceded by "kuña" (Eng: woman) or other words describing female people. Otherwise, select "jaka-ngalya" (Eng: full) as the default.
wbp → gug
- (wbp) muru-pinyi → (gug) mboy'u "swallow"; kuapyti "insert"
- Rule: select "mboy'u" if "muru-pinyi" is followed by food or drink words: "ngapa" (water/grog), "pama" (liquor), "jirnarri" (food), and "mangarri" (vegetable). In other cases, select "kuapyti".
- Kurdu-ngku muru-pinyi ngapa. (Eng: The child is swallowing water/grog.)
- muru-pinyi walya (Eng: insert in the ground)
- (wbp) kirdirrpa → (gug) itakua "cave"; ka'irãi "jail"
- Rule: We couldn't come up with a good way to solve this problem. We decided to select "itakua" as the default, because it appears to be more common.
- Kurdu-ngku nyanyi kirdirrpa. (Eng: The child is looking for the cave.)
- Wati-ngku jarda-jarrimi kirdirrpa-rla (Eng: The man sleeps in the jail.)
- (wbp) juka → (gug) asuka "sugar"; aichémemby "cousin"
- (wbp) warlu → (gug) tini "hot"; aku "angry"
- miparrpa = face or person; yapa = person
- (wbp) yajarni → (gug) henoi "fetch/invite (someone)"; kakuaa "grow (a plant)"
- watiya = plant
Morphology additions
- Improved pronomial analysis:
- Before: "<ngaju>"
- "ngaju" prn pers p3 sg
- "ngaju" prn pers p3 du
- "ngaju" prn pers p2 sg
- "ngaju" prn pers p2 du
- "ngaju" prn pers p2 pl
- "ngaju" prn pers p1 sg
- "ngaju" prn pers p1 du excl
- "ngaju" prn pers p1 du incl
- "ngaju" prn pers p1 pl excl
- "ngaju" prn pers p1 pl incl
- Before: "<ngaju>"
- After:
- "<ngaju>"
- Added numeral analysis:
- Several number words in Warlpiri also have meanings as nouns (e.g. rdaka can mean "hand" or "five")
- the -pala ending distinguishes them as number words, but it is not always necessary
- "rdaka-pala": ^rdaka-pala/rdaka<num>$^./.<sent>$
- "rdaka": ^rdaka/rdaka<num>/rdaka<n><sg><abs>$^./.<sent>$
- Added adverb analysis:
- "nyurruwiyi: ^nyurruwiyi/nyurruwiyi<adv>$^./.<sent>$
- Added elative/source case for verb auxiliaries :
- "kajangka": ^kajangka/ka<vaux><src><subj3sg>$^./.<sent>$
- Added inceptive aspect for verbs:
- "pakarnunjunu": ^pakarnunjunu/pakarni<v><tv><past><inc>$^./.<sent>$
- Clitics
- (wbp) -yijala cl. also, too, likewise.
- (wbp) -nyayirni Variant: -nyarrirni. cl. very, really -> (gug) adverb: asy
- Conjunction??
- ngula cj. 1. that, which, who. Syn: kuja. 2.he, she, it, they, them. Referring back to something in previous context.
- Cs?
- -jangka cs. 1. from. 2. because. Syn: -ngurlu~-ngirli, -warnu.
- Reflexive?
- nyanungu pn.
- ngana - who
- yangka nm. aforementioned one, same one mentioned before.
- Numbers
- -juku cl. still, yet. Syn: -kirli.
- -pinki ns. such-like, things pertaining to.
- -kari ns. another, other.
- nyurru av. already, short time ago.
- -wiyi (first)
- -wana ns. along, alongside, beside.
Disambiguation
- Number vs Noun (e.g. rdaka = hand or five), has the number marker -pala
- Manu = cnjcoo vs v tv past?
- Kuja = "ka" vaux rel subj3sg OR kuja = kuja cj. relative pronoun, what, which, that, who.
- Kuja = "ka" vaux rel subj3sg OR kuja = kuja cj. relative pronoun, what, which, that, who.
- Ngula = "ka" vaux rel subj3sg OR kuja = kuja cj. relative pronoun, what, which, that, who. Find by searching AUX:COMP in new dictionary
